Margarida Maia, PhD,  science writer—

Scenesse (afamelanotide) increases the time people with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) or X-linked protoporphyria (XLP), two types of porphyria, can spend in the sun without pain, which may help improve their quality of life, a study has found. The study, “Afamelanotide for Treatment of the Protoporphyrias: Impact on…

A new artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm may help reduce the time it takes to diagnose acute hepatic porphyria (AHP) and other rare diseases. That’s according to a study reporting that models using the AI algorithm “could identify 71% of [AHP] cases earlier than their…

Oral iron supplements may help people with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) build back their iron reserves and increase the levels of hemoglobin — the iron-containing protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells — a small study in Denmark suggests. However, even when taken at small doses over a short…

Certain triggers of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) may also affect the function of the brain’s mitochondria — the bean-shaped structures that produce energy inside cells — according to a mouse study conducted by researchers in Argentina. While it is unknown whether this holds true in humans, understanding “the mechanisms…

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) manifests in a variety of ways, but in China, the most common symptoms are abdominal pain and problems resulting from damage to the brain and spinal cord, a review study has found. Nearly all Chinese patients with AIP — about 95% — experienced abdominal pain,…

Treatment with cimetidine, an over-the-counter (OTC) medication normally used to treat heartburn, may help children with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) build tolerance to sunlight — and this may translate into better quality of life — according to reports of EPP cases in Italy. “Based on the literature and our clinical…

A rarely reported mutation in the HMBS gene was identified as the cause of recurrent, hard-to-treat episodes of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) in a young Mexican woman, according to a case report. While it’s unclear whether the mutation is linked to a more severe clinical presentation, its identification “underscores…

Different mutations in the HMBS gene — the cause of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) — are not associated with distinct activity levels of the resulting enzyme but generally reduce its levels by about half, a review study has found. About 90% of AIP patients have reduced activity levels of…

A new mutation in the HMBS gene was identified as the cause of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) in a woman, and also detected in her daughter, who showed no symptoms of the disease, according to a study in China. The mutation was found to affect splicing — the process…

People with acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) who have high levels of porphyrin precursors in the urine are more likely to develop primary liver cancer, according to a new study that also found the risks are higher for these AIP patients after age 65. “Individualized PLC [primary liver cancer] risk…